1. Iodine: Iodine is critical for thyroid function. Currently, the only known role of iodine is to support thyroid hormone production.
2. Vitamin D: Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Grave's disease are associated with lower Vitamin D levels.
3. Selenium: Selenium, a mineral needed for thyroid hormone production, helps protect the thyroid from possible damage caused by oxidative stress.
4. Zinc: The mineral zinc is required for thyroid hormone production. It is also responsible for maintaining proper serum levels of T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
5. Iron: The thyroid needs iron to convert T4 into T3, the active form of thyroid hormone, and Iron deficiency is associated with thyroid dysfunction.
6. Other nutrients including Vitamin B, copper, and Vitamins A and E, are also needed for optimal thyroid function.