Introduction. Ecological pyramids are used to indicate trophic structures of an ecosystem. A diagram shaped likea pyramid is developed to represent the numbers of organisms, their biomass, and energy relationships. In a food chain, a fraction of energy is usually lost in the form of heat. Therefore, organisms usually pass lesser energy from one … Read more
Productivity in ecology is the rate of biomass production or the amount of food energy obtained or stored by a trophic level per unit area in a unit. It is also defined as the amount of energy stored in plants through photosynthesis. It is measured in gm/m2/year or kcal/m2/year. Types of productivity. There are … Read more
Predation is an important, biological interaction, where one organism kills the other organism and eats it. In other words, it is an interaction between the predator and the prey. Mainly this process tends to maintain the flow of energy from one organism to another one. The prey has to suffer the loss of energy, … Read more
Definition Biologically, the population is comprised of all organisms of the same species that live in a particular geographical area with the ability of interbreeding amongst themselves. Introduction. The sexual population is the region where interbreeding is possible between any given pair in that area whereby interbreeding has a higher probability than crossbreeding with … Read more
Definition Biologically, the population is comprised of all organisms of the same species that live in a particular geographical area with the ability of interbreeding amongst themselves. Introduction. The sexual population is the region where interbreeding is possible between any given pair in that area whereby interbreeding has a higher probability than crossbreeding with … Read more
Polyembryony is the phenomenon of the development of more than one embryo in one ovule, seed or fertilized ovum. This usually seen in both animals as well as plants. Most striking situations of polyembryony are being detected in certain animals e.g. parasitic Hymenoptera, where up to 2,000 embryos can spring from one zygote. this … Read more
Pollination, transfer of spore grains from the stamens, the flower elements that manufacture them, to the ovule-bearing organs or to the ovules (seed precursors) themselves. In plants like conifers and cycads, within which the ovules are exposed, the spore is solely caught in an exceedingly drop of fluid secreted by the ovule. In flowering … Read more
This is the collective process that involves the events from the deposition of pollen on the stigma until the pollen tube enters the ovule or merely the dynamic process that requires pollen recognition followed by inhibition. The pistil can recognize the right compatible pollen from the same species and reject pollen grains that are … Read more
Pneumonia is the inflammation of the air spaces most commonly caused by infections. Viruses, bacteria or fungi can cause the infection. They are also few types of pneumonia that are caused by aspirating or inhaling foreign matter or toxic substances in the lungs. Some pneumonia cases are life threatening with more than 50,000 people … Read more
Starting from definition, pleiotropy is seen as a situation in which one gene controls for the expression of multiple phenotypic traits. These traits do not have to be clearly linked, i.e., eye color and eye shape, but can rather be completely unrelated. In many situations, this multi-trait impact is because of a gene code … Read more