Nuclear fission is an important process in nuclear physics, where the atom’s nuclei are splitting into two or more smaller nuclei, as the fission products, and as some by-products usually. Fission is an important form of elemental transmutation. In the byproduct’s electrons, protons, and neutrons are included. It also includes the photons in the form … Read more

Matter waves belong to the family of quantum mechanics as a central part of this family and it is mentioned that all matter can exhibit wave-like behavior as a beam of light or electrons can be detracted just like another beam of water. Another name of matter waves is de Broglie waves and its wavelength … Read more

In simple words, radiation means the emission of energy or it can be said that transmission of the energy in form of waves or particles through a material medium it also includes electromagnetic radiations which are included as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, and gamma radiation. Radiation consist of two categories including ionizing and … Read more

Einstein’s photoelectric effect- particle nature of light Albert Einstein great scientist in 1905 proposed that light can be called quanta of energy that also behalf as particles. He also explained that photon is a particle of electromagnetic radiation that has zero mass and also carries a quantum of energy. This is tried and tested because … Read more

This observation is related to the photoelectric effect and how this effect is proven by two scientists one experiment was conducted in 1887 by Heinrich Hertz to prove electromagnetic theory of light when he observed strange phenomena as he placed two electrodes at small distance so that an electric spark can be generated and he … Read more

When light hits any material there is an emission of electrons and other free carriers and this whole process is called photoelectric effect and in the manner that electrons were emitted is called photoelectrons. According to many theories, this effect can be concluded from the transfer of energy from light to an electron so from … Read more

This experiment is done by two scientists in which electrons are scattered by the surface of a crystal made of nickel metal and later it displayed diffraction patterns. This experiment of them also gives a green signal to the experiment done by de Broglie mentioning of wave-particle duality and which later become the millstone in … Read more

Diffraction Due to ASingle Slit, Width of Central Maximum The single slit diffraction can be observed when the light is passing through the single slit, which is having a width in the order of light’s wavelength. On the screen, the diffraction pattern will be at a distance L away from the slit. Here the intensity … Read more

Interference Young’s Double Slit Experiment and Expression for Fringe Width, Coherent Sources and Sustained Interference of Light The observation of the interference effect is an indication of the presence of overlapping waves. It was postulated by Thomas Young that light is having the wave-like properties and it is subjected to the superposition principle. His experiment … Read more

The Huygens’s principle is based on the imagination that each point of the propagating disturbances is capable to originate the new pulses, which are also contributing to the disturbances at the later instances. The laws of geometrical optics can be implied to show his model of light propagation. This law states that all the points … Read more