Basically, pollutant is defined as the impurity which is found in the environment in substance form or in the form of chemical compound. Pollutant concentration in the surrounding environment is directly proportional to the pollution level. Environmental cycle and the ecosystem are in the changing phase as there are results of sudden changes which occures … Read more

  The phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but different chemical structures is known as Isomerism. Chemical compounds that have identical chemical formulae but differ in properties and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule are called isomers. Compounds exhibiting this phenomenon of isomerism are known as isomers. Geometrical Isomerism … Read more

  Alkenes are hydrocarbons containing at least one double bond and are unsaturated. What will be the general formula of alkenes? If there is one double bond between two carbon atoms in alkenes, they should contain two hydrogen atoms less than that of alkanes. Therefore the general formula for alkenes is CnH2n. Alkenes are also … Read more

  Uses of Silicon Tetrachloride It is used as an intermediate in the manufacturing of polysilicon that is the pure form of the silicon. Its boiling point is convenient for the purification purpose and fractional distillation can be repeated. It is used as wafers in greater amounts in the photovoltaic industry to make the conventional … Read more

Important Compounds of Silicon and Uses Silicon is the non-metallic element and it belongs to the carbon family. Pure silicon is too reactive in nature and it cannot be found in the frees state. It is present in the rocks, soils, clays, sand, combined with oxygen and other elements as silica or silicates. The compounds … Read more

Organic chemistry – Resonance and Hyperconjugation Resonance or mesomeric effect: There are many molecules whose behavior cannot be explained by a single Lewis structure. To explain their behavior two or more than two structures may be proposed and the actual molecule is said to be a resonance hybrid of these structures. This phenomenon is called … Read more

Organic chemistry – Inductive effect An Inductive effect is a permanent effect that arises whenever an electron-withdrawing group is attached to the end of a carbon chain. To understand this, let us consider a chain of a carbon atom having Cl atom at one end: We know that the chloride is more electronegative than carbon. … Read more

Organic chemistry – Electromeric effect An Electromeric effect is a temporary effect that takes place between two atoms joined by multiple bonds for means a double or triple bond. This occurs at the requirements of the attacking reagent and involves an instantaneous transfer of a shared pair of electrons of the multiple bonds to one … Read more

Organic chemistry – Electronic displacements in a covalent bond Organic compounds mainly consist of covalent bonds. Covalent bonds are in most of the molecules we encounter either in our clothing, food we eat or even the air we breathe, the water we drink, etc. covalent bonds are the chemical bonds in which electrons are shared … Read more

Chemical Reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation. Alkyl halide (halo alkane) is formed by the replacement of hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, by halogen atom. It contain halogen atom attached to the carbon atom of an alkyl group which is sp3 hybridised. Alkanes are generally non-reactive when it comes to acids, bases, oxidising and … Read more