The members of this phylum have dorso-ventrally flattened body and are hence called flatworms. The body has usually ribbon-like or leaf-like appearance. Habitat: They live as endoparasites inside the body of animals including humans. Examples: Taenia (Tapeworm) Fasciola (Liver fluke) Planaria. Body plan: Flatworms are acoelomate animals with blind sac body plan and organ level … Read more
The members of Phylum Ctenophora (Greek – comb bearers) are called ctenophores. This group includes organisms commonly known as sea walnuts or comb jellies. The name of the phylum refers to the presence of eight rows of ciliated combs in the external body surface. Most of the Ctenophores have the property of bioluminescence (ability to … Read more
This phylum includes organisms commonly known as jelly fishes, sea anemones, sea pens etc. The name ‘cnidaria’ implies the presence of specialized cells called cnidoblasts (cnidocytes) on the body. Habitat: Cnidarians are aquatic and mostly marine. They are either sedentary or free-swimming forms. Examples: Adamsia (Sea anemone) Physalia (Portuguese man-of-war) Gorgonia (Sea-fan) Meandrina (Brain coral) … Read more
Based on the features mentioned in the previous chapter, Kingdom Animalia is classified as follows. Phylum – PORIFERA Poriferans are commonly known as sponges. Habitat: Sponges are mostly marine. Avery few occupy freshwater habitats. Examples: Spongilla Sycon Leucosolenia Body plan: Sponges are multicellular and have cellular level of organization. Symmetry: They are either asymmetrical or … Read more
Kingdom Animalia contains large number of animals with various form and size. But there are certain fundamental features common to all the animals. Classification of Kingdom Animalia is based upon these fundamental characteristics, which include arrangement of cells, body plan, body symmetry, nature of coelom, body segmentation, and patterns of digestive, circulatory, reproductive and development … Read more
A plant life cycle refers to the complete series of events from the formation of a zygote, its development into a mature plant, to the production of gametes by the plant to form the next generation. It includes all the life processes of the plant- growth, development, and reproduction. Alternation of generation is also known … Read more
A plant life cycle refers to the complete series of events from the formation of a zygote, its development into a mature plant, to the production of gametes by the plant to form the next generation. It includes all the life processes of the plant- growth, development, and reproduction. Alternation of generation is also known … Read more
About 80 Angiosperms are classified into two groups: Dicots and Monocots Dicotyledons The seeds have two cotyledons (and thus the name). Leaf venation: Reticulate Flower: Tetramerous or Pentamerous (4 or 5 members in each floral whorls) Eg: Pea, Rose, Mustard, Eucalyptus etc. Monocotyledons The seeds have a single cotyledon (and thus the name). Leaf venation: … Read more
According to Kohlrausch’s law, the equivalent conductivity of electrolyte on the infinite dilution is equal to total of conductance of both cations and anions. Equivalent limiting molar conductivity of the electrolyte refers to the algebraic sum of equivalent limiting molar conductivities of its constituent ions. Mathematically, Where, λo+ = cations’ limiting equivalent conductivities … Read more
Both conductivity and molar conductivity depends upon the electrolyte’s concentration. The Molar Conductivity and Conductivity of both strong and weak electrolytes decreases as there’s decrement in concentration as the ions’ number per unit volume which carries the current in the solution goes down on dilution. Solution’s Conductivity at a specific concentration = Solution’s Conductance kept … Read more