In the engineering and thermodynamics heat engine is a system for converting the chemical and thermal energy to the mechanical energy which can be used for mechanical work. This is done by bringing the substances from the state of the high temperature to the state of lower temperature. The heat source causes the generation of … Read more

The isothermal process is the thermodynamic process, in which the temperature of the system remains constant. The heat transfers out of the system or to the system should happen at the slower rates for continuous adjustment to the temperature of the reservoir, through the process of the heat exchange. The thermal equilibrium is maintained in … Read more

When there are some changes in the system from the initial state to the final state, then it is said that the system has undergone the process. During the thermodynamic processes, the one or more properties of the system, such as the pressure, temperature, enthalpy, volume, and the heat experiences the changes. The second law … Read more

In thermal expansion, there can be a change in matter shape, volume, and the area which is happening as a result of temperature change. The monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance is referred to as temperature. The kinetic energy usually increases when a substance experience heat, there used to be … Read more

Thermal conduction simply defined as the transport of energy due to random molecular motion across a temperature gradient somehow is distinguished from energy transport by convection and molecular work but in that, it does not involve the macroscopic flows. Mainly in engineering practice, it is common to work in term of qualities which are derivative … Read more

Surface tension and surface energy are measurements of unit forces that compose a material. Due to these intermolecular forces, a liquid surface is always being pulled inward. If one is to stretch the surface, work must be done to overcome the intermolecular forces. The tension on the surface of a liquid and therefore the quantity … Read more

When water is taken in an exceedingly glass vessel, the free surface of the water close to the walls is curved concave upward. If mercury is extracted in a glass vessel, then the free surface of mercury near the walls is convex upwards. When the liquid is connected with solid, the angle between the solid … Read more

Escape velocity is the minimum speed needed for a free and non propelled object to escape from the gravitational influence of a massive body and it is slower the farther away from the body of an object and becomes slower than the massive body. This requires to send a ballistic object on a trajectory that … Read more

Orbital velocity simply means the gravitationally bound system of the orbital velocity or speed of the bodies or objects like the moon, planets, artificial satellites and spacecraft or star at which the speed of its orbit around the barycenter or when the object is much less massive than the largest body in the system. Two … Read more

Geo stationary satellite is also known as geosynchronous satellites and it’s one of the satellites in geosynchronous orbit with an orbital period same as the earth’s rotation period. This kind of satellite returns to the same position in the sky after each sidereal day. Geo stationary satellite is one of the special cases of geosynchronous … Read more