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Synthetic investigation to realize a novel intermediate of tamiflu by applying cis -aziridine as a chiral building block which is easily synthesized from ᴅ-mannitol as a renewable commencing materials has been introduced. The current method makes use of the intramolecular Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction as the crucial phase for the synthesis of tamiflu. On the other hand, diene made up of allylic aziridine framework is observed to be inefficient to furnish the six-membered core skeleton of tamiflu through ring-closing metathesis reaction.
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Chemistry Tutorial
- Nature of Matter
- Unit Cell And Space Lattices
- Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Density of Unit Cell
- Ionic bond
- Covalent bond
- Lewis Structure
- Valence Electrons
- Covalent character of ionic bond
- Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure: Bond Parameters
- Elements in chemistry
- Percentage Composition of compounds
- Empirical and Molecular Formula
- Pauli’s exclusion principle
- Aufbau Principle
- Hund’s Rule
- Electronic configuration of atoms
- Stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals
- Significance of classification of elements
- History of periodic table
- Modern periodic law
- Resonance in chemistry
- Valence bond theory
- VSEPR Theory
- Atoms in chemistry
- Chemical Reactions
- Stoichiometry and Calculations Based on Stoichiometry
- Molecules in chemistry
- Laws of Chemical Combination
- Mole Concept
- Dalton’s Atomic Theory
- Importance of Chemistry
- Modern periodic table
- Polar character of covalent bond
- Periodic trends – Atomic Size
- Periodic trends – Ionic radius
- Periodic trends – Inert gas radii
- Periodic trends – Electron gain Enthalpy
- Periodic trends – Ionisation Enthalpy
- Periodic trends – Electronegativity
- Molar Mass
- Scope of Chemistry
- Periodic trends – Valency
- Discovery of Electron
- Discovery of Proton
- Shapes of s, p and d orbitals
- Thomson’s model and its limitations
- Quantum Numbers
- Hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals
- Concept of Hybridization
- Molecular orbital theory
- Matter and its States
- Discovery of Atomic Number
- Discovery of Neutron
- Rutherford’s Atomic Model
- De Broglie relationship
- Discovery of Isotopes
- Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
- Bohr’s Model and its Limitations
- Shapes of some simple molecules
- Hydrogen bonds
- Types of chemical bonding
- Boyle’s Law
- Role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule
- Melting and boiling points
- Chemical Thermodynamics
- Types of systems in thermodynamics
- Surroundings in thermodynamics
- Work done in thermodynamics
- Heat in thermodynamics
- Energy in thermodynamics
- Extensive properties of thermodynamics
- Intermolecular Interactions
- Gay-Lussac’s Law
- Charles’s Law
- shells and subshells in chemistry
- Discovery of Isobar
- Concept of Orbitals
- Dual Nature of Matter and Light
- Concept of Oxidation and Reduction
- Position of Hydrogen in Periodic Table
- Occurrence of Hydrogen
- Isotopes of Hydrogen
- Heavy Water in chemistry
- Liquefaction of Gases
- Avogadro’s law
- Avagadro’s Number
- Critical temperature in thermodynamics
- Kinetic Energy and Molecular Speeds
- Deviation from ideal behavior of gases
- Ideal behavior of gases
- Intensive properties of thermodynamics
- State functions in Thermodynamics
- First law of thermodynamics
- Internal energy and Enthalpy in Thermodynamics
- Heat capacity and Specific heat in Thermodynamics
- Measurement of Internal energy change and enthalpy
- Hess’s Law of constant heat summation
- Enthalpy of bond dissociation
- Standard Enthalpy of Combustion
- Standard enthalpy of formation
- Hydrogen as a fuel
- Hydrogen Peroxide – preparation, reactions, structure, and use
- Preparation of Hydrogen
- Redox Reactions
- Oxidation Number
- Properties and Uses of Hydrogen
- Physical and Chemical Properties of Water
- Biological importance of potassium
- Biological importance of sodium
- Group I and Group II Elements
- Electronic Configuration of Group 1 and Group 2 Elements
- Biological importance of magnesium
- Occurrence of Group 1 and Group 2 Elements
- Applications of Redox Reaction
- Biological importance of calcium
- Industrial uses of Calcium Oxide
- Anomalous Properties of Hydrogen and Beryllium
- Hydrides
- Diagonal Relationship of Group 1 and group 2 Elements
- Ionization Enthalpy of Group 1 and Group 2 Elements
- Industrial uses of Calcium Carbonate
- Preparation, properties and uses of sodium chloride (NaCl)
- Preparation and Properties of sodium carbonate
- Atomic and Ionic Radii of Group 1 and Group 2 elements
- Preparation, properties and uses of sodium hydrogen carbonate
- Preparation and properties of sodium hydroxide
- Chemical Reactivity of Group 1 and Group 2 Elements with Water
- Chemical Reactivity of Group 1 and Group 2 Elements with Oxygen
- Chemical reactivity with halogens of Group 1 and Group 2 elements
- Chemical reactivity with Hydrogen of Group 1 and Group 2
- Ideal gas equation
- Viscosity: Introduction, Definition, Units, Formulas
- Surface Tension
- Vapor pressure
- Liquid state
- Standard enthalpy of Atomization
- Standard enthalpy of sublimation
- Phase transition in Thermodynamics
- Group 13 elements general introduction
- Group 14 Elements General Introduction
- Electronic Configuration of Group 14 Elements
- Electronic configuration of Group 13 elements
- Standard enthalpy of solution
- Standard enthalpy of ionization
- Standard enthalpy of dilution
- Geometry of covalent molecules
- Empirical derivation of gas equation
- Second law of thermodynamics
- Entropy a state function
- Gibb’s energy change
- Thermodynamic equilibrium
- Third law of thermodynamics
- Physical and Chemical processes in equilibrium
- Organic Chemistry – Basic Principles and Technique
- Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
- methods of purification of organic compounds
- Oxidation States of Group 14 Elements
- Variation in the Properties of Group 14 Elements
- Occurrence of Group 14 Elements
- Anomalous behavior of carbon
- Trends in Chemical Reactivity of Group 14 Elements
- Occurrence of group 13 elements
- Boron- physical and chemical properties
- Nomenclature of Alkanes
- Borax, Boric acid, boron hydrides, aluminium
- Oxidation states of Group 13 elements
- Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
- Variation of properties of Group 13 elements
- Carbon Catenation
- Introduction of Organic Compounds
- Classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds
- Dynamic nature of equilibrium
- Ozone and Its Reactions
- Air pollution
- Soil pollution
- Water Pollution
- Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100
- Effects of Ozone Layer Depletion
- Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
- Chemical reactions in the atmosphere
- Smog
- Pollution due to industrial wastes
- Law of mass action
- Equilibrium constant
- Factors affecting the equilibrium
- Le Chatelier’s principle
- Ionic equilibrium ionization of acids and bases
- Strong and weak electrolytes
- Degree of ionization
- Isomerism of alkanes
- Physical properties of alkanes
- Allotropic forms of Group 14 Elements
- Nomenclature of Alkene
- Physical and Chemical Properties of Group 14 Elements
- Uses of Compounds of Group 14 Elements
- Free radical mechanism of halogenation
- Electronic displacements in a covalent bond
- Electromeric effect
- Inductive effect
- Resonance and Hyperconjugation
- Compounds of silicon and uses
- Uses of Silicon Tetrachloride, Silicones, Silicates, and Zeolite
- Structure of Double Bond
- Geometrical Isomerism
- Major atmospheric pollutants
- Green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution
- Strategies for control of environmental pollution
- Acid Rain
- Classification of solids based on different binding forces
- Ionic Solids
- Covalent and metallic solids
- Amorphous and crystalline solids
- Ionization of a polybasic acid
- Acid strength
- Concept of pH
- Henderson Hasselbach Equation
- Hydrolysis of salts
- Buffer solution
- Solubility product
- Common ion effect
- Unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices
- Calculation of density of unit cell
- Packing in solids
- Packing Efficiency
- voids in crystalline
- Number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell
- Rate of a reaction
- Factors affecting the rate of reaction – Concentration
- Factors affecting the rate of a reaction – Temperature
- Factors affecting the rate of a reaction – Catalyst
- Order and molecularity of a reaction
- Rate law and specific rate constant
- Resonance
- Aromaticity
- Physical Properties of Alkenes
- Markownikov addition and peroxide effect
- Methods of Preparation of Alkenes
- Chemical Reactions of Alkenes
- Reactions of P-Block Elements with Acids and Alkalis
- Trends in the Chemical Reactivity of P Block Elements
- Anomalous Properties of First Elements of the Groups in P Block
- Conformations of Ethane
- Carbanions
- Pyrolysis of Alkanes
- Electrophiles
- Combustion of Alkanes
- Carbocations
- Free Radicals
- Homolytic fission and Heterolytic Fission of a covalent bond
- Nucleophiles
- Benzene
- IUPAC Nomenclature
- Nomenclature of Alkynes
- Method of preparation of Alkynes
- Structure of triple bond in Alkynes
- Physical properties of Alkynes
- Addition reaction of alkynes with hydrogen, halogen, hydrogen halides and water
- Chemical Properties of Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- Chemical reactions of Alkynes
- Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- Acidic character of alkynes
- Integrated rate equations and half-life
- Collision theory of chemical kinetics
- Activation energy in chemical kinetics
- Oxidation of Alkenes
- Aromatic hydrocarbon – sulphonation
- Mechanism of Electrophilic Addition
- Mechanism of electrophilic substitution reaction
- Ozonolysis
- Aromatic hydrocarbon – nitration
- Aromatic hydrocarbons – halogenation
- Friedel craft’s alkylation and acylation
- Directive influence of the various functional group in mono substituted benzene
- Carcinogenicity and toxicity of hydrocarbons
- Electrical and magnetic properties of solids
- Band Theory of Metals
- Band theory of Conductors
- Band theory of Semiconductors
- Band Theory of Insulators
- n and p type semiconductors
- Solubility of gases in liquids
- Solid solutions
- Arrhenius Equation
- Adsorption
- Chemisorption
- Factors affecting the adsorption
- Catalysis
- homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis
- Enzyme catalysis and colloidal state
- Lyophilic colloids
- Lyophobic, multimolecular and macromolecular colloids
- Properties of Colloids
- Tyndall effect
- Brownian movement
- Electrophoresis
- Coagulation
- Coagulation
- Isolation of Elements
- Aluminium Extraction
- Copper Extraction
- Relative lowering of vapour pressure
- Raoult’s law
- Elevation of boiling point
- Depression of Freezing Point
- Osmotic pressure
- Abnormal molecular mass
- Van’t Hoff factor
- Conductance in electrolytic solutions
- Specific and molar conductivity
- Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties
- Variation of Conductivity and Molar Conductivity with Concentration
- Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions
- Electrolysis and law of electrolysis
- Dry cell – electrolytic cells and galvanic cells
- Lead Accumulator
- Emf of a cell
- Zinc Extraction
- Iron Extraction
- p-Block Elements: Group 15
- Electronic configuration of group 15 elements
- Occurrence of group 15 elements
- Oxidation state of group 15 elements
- Physical and chemical properties of Group 15 elements
- Nitrogen: Preparation, properties and uses
- Compounds of Nitrogen
- Ammonia and Nitric acid
- Oxides of nitrogen
- Phosphorous: allotropic forms, compounds of phosphorus
- Phosphine, halides PCl3, PCl5 and oxoacids
- p-Block Elements: Group 16
- Electronic configuration of Group 16 elements
- Oxidation states of Group 16 elements
- Methods of preparation of Phenols
- Nomenclature of Phenols
- Uses and Environmental Effects of Tetrachloromethane
- Uses and Environmental Effects of Iodoform-freons
- Uses and Environmental Effects of Trichloromethane
- Uses and Environmental Effects of Dichloromethane
- Methods of Preparation of Alcohols
- Nomenclature of Alcohols
- Uses and Environmental Effects of DDT
- Electrophilic substitution of phenols
- Nomenclature of Haloalkanes
- Physical and chemical properties of phenol
- Physical and chemical properties of primary alcohol
- Acidic nature of phenol
- Physical and chemical properties of Haloalkanes
- Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols
- Identification of Primary Alcohols
- Optical Rotation in haloalkanes
- Nature of C-X bond in Halogens
- Nomenclature of ethers
- Mechanism of Substitution reaction
- Uses of Alcohols (Methanol, and Ethanol)
- Mechanism of Dehydration of Alcohols
- Physical and chemical properties of ether
- Preparation of ethers
- Methods of Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- Nature of Carbonyl Group
- Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones
- Physical and Chemical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
- Nomenclature of Carboxylic acids
- Physical and Chemical Properties of Carboxylic acids
- Uses of Carboxylic Acids
- Reactivity of Alpha Hydrogen in Aldehydes
- Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones
- Mechanism of Nucleophilic Addition
- Occurrence of Group 16 elements
- Physical and chemical properties of Group 16 elements